CHAPTER 3: History to 1800 > Early Renaissance - 15th century

Illustrations - 15 of 15

Type 2 - two bridges

Two final points require to be made about type 2 in the 15th century: firstly that the sources for it date from the same time as types 0 and 1, so that even though it may seem to be a more complex development, that development was taking place at the same time as the simpler instruments were still being played: there are 9 examples of type 0, bridgeless, 3 of single-bridged instruments and 5 of what we might tentatively call the dolce melos, type 2.

Examples of treble strings divided by more than one bridge are very rare after 1500: the instruments portrayed by Tobias Stimmer and Gerhard de Jode (f igs. 50, 51) are exceptions, while another fascinating account of such a tuning comes from Nierop in 1659; it is also a feature of a few courses of the Schunda cimbalom (fig. 213) and Reynyaan's Hakbord (fig.85).

There remain four examples of which, for a variety of reasons. it has not been possible to obtain reproductions, so that they could not be included in this brief survey of types, viz:

1. c.1480, German copper engraving, lady (41);
2. 1482, a print from Ulm (S. Ger.) (41);
3. late 1400s. Choir of St. Stephan, Vienna -right-angled, single courses, roses, bridges, hammers (41);
4. (Psaltery?) Munich Bible, 1446, Bohemia (43).