CHAPTER 3: History to 1800
3.6: Outline of historical development of dulcimers, to c.1800
-
showing the norm in bold blue text; less typical features
in fainter italics;
features which are new in
bold red if they became the norm straight
away, in fainter italics
if they remained less typical
BRIDGING
|
STRINGING
|
CONSTRUCTION
|
TUNING
PINS
|
DECORATION
|
PLAYING
POSITION
|
TUNING
|
FINGER
GRIP
|
DISTRIBUTION
|
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1400-1500
|
-
type 0 |
-
6I-9I
- 3I-16I |
|
|
-
plain round soundholes
- decorated rose, inset? |
-
on player's knees
- on a table |
1-2
octaves diatonic
|
-
two fingers
- finger & thumb - fist |
central
western Europe |
||||||||||
1500-1600
|
-
type 11
- type 12 - chessmen |
II
III IV
|
|
|
-
carved (?) soundhole
|
-
knees or table
- neck strap |
1-2
octaves diatonic
|
-
two fingers
- finger & thumb |
Sweden
|
||||||||||
1600-1800
|
Germania
- Hackbretts
|
type
11
|
10IV
+ 26IV
V, III |
|
|
-
ornate hole carved in soundboard
|
-
knees or table
- neck strap |
2
- 3 1/2 octaves diatonic?
ditals = chromatic |
-
two fingers
- finger & thumb |
Far
East
Near East |
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Pantaleon
|
?
|
two
sets side by side, wire and gut
|
large
size
|
?
|
?
|
-
on its own legs
- sitting |
4
octaves
diatonic E-g chromatic g-e''' |
-
two fingers
|
Germany
> Sweden
|
||||||||||
Romance
area - salterio
|
whole
or divided whole
- complex variations - foot bridge chessmen |
-
10IV
+ 14III
- or 24IV - up to VIII - salterio piccolo III |
|
|
-
metal or paper roses set into hole in soundboard
- gold moulding |
-
on a table
- sitting - on its own legs - standing |
2-3
octaves chromatic
|
-
two fingers
|
Mexico
Canary Islands |
||||||||||
England
|
11
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
2
1/2 octaves chromatic or
half-chromatic
|
?
|
USA
New Zealand Canada |
fig. 108b
1600-1800
- |
|
|
|